长毛兔，以其的兔毛而受到养殖者的青睐。以下是长毛兔养殖的关键技术要点：

　　Long haired rabbits are favored by breeders for their high-quality rabbit fur. The following are the key technical points for breeding long haired rabbits:

　　一、良种选择

　　1、 Selection of superior varieties

　　品种：长毛兔品种以安哥拉兔的生产性能。其中，德系安哥拉兔体型较大，年产毛量高，是优良的养殖品种。此外，中系安哥拉兔适应性强、繁殖率高、耐粗饲、抗病力强，也是不错的选择。

　　Variety: The Angora rabbit has the best production performance among the long haired rabbit varieties. Among them, the German Angora rabbit has a larger body size and higher annual hair production, making it an excellent breeding breed. In addition, the Chinese Angora rabbit has strong adaptability, high reproductive rate, tolerance to roughage, and strong disease resistance, making it a good choice.

　　种兔：选择健康、体型匀称、毛质优良、遗传性能稳定的种兔进行饲养。种兔应无明显的遗传性疾病，且具有良好的繁殖性能。

　　Breeding rabbits: Select healthy, well proportioned, high-quality, and genetically stable breeding rabbits for breeding. Rabbits should have no obvious genetic diseases and have good reproductive performance.

　　二、笼舍建筑

　　2、 Cage building

　　地点：长毛兔宜采用笼养，笼舍应建在地势较高、排水良好、光线充足、空气流通的干燥处。

　　Location: Long haired rabbits should be kept in cages, which should be built in a dry place with high terrain, good drainage, sufficient light, and good air circulation.

　　规格：兔笼一般长6070厘米，宽5560厘米，高4045厘米，可叠放34层，每层之间应有足够的空间供兔子活动。笼底板铺设竹片或塑料网，以便于清理粪便和保持笼内干燥。

　　Specifications: Rabbit cages are generally 6070 centimeters long, 5560 centimeters wide, and 4045 centimeters high. They can be stacked in 34 layers, and there should be enough space between each layer for rabbits to move around. It is best to lay bamboo or plastic mesh on the bottom of the cage to facilitate the cleaning of feces and keep the cage dry.

　　环境：兔舍应宽敞、明亮，具有良好的保温性能，同时要便于清洁和。保持兔舍通风良好，避免潮湿和过度闷热。冬季要做好保暖工作，可采用加温设施保持兔舍温度在15~25℃之间。

　　Environment: The rabbit house should be spacious, bright, have good insulation performance, and be easy to clean and disinfect. Keep the rabbit house well ventilated and avoid dampness and excessive heat. In winter, it is necessary to do a good job of keeping warm, and heating facilities can be used to maintain the temperature of the rabbit house between 15-25 ℃.

　　三、饲养管理

　　3、 Feeding management

　　饲料：长毛兔以草食为主，适当搭配精料。

　　Feed: Long haired rabbits mainly feed on grass, with appropriate combination of refined feed.

　　青饲料：常用的有苜蓿、菜叶、树叶、花生藤、红薯秧及各种野草等。冬季可饲喂晒制的青干草。

　　Green feed: commonly used include alfalfa, vegetable leaves, tree leaves, peanut vines, sweet potato seedlings, and various wild grasses. In winter, sun dried green hay can be fed.

　　配合饲料：可由玉米、麸皮、大麦、豆粉、鱼粉等组成，确保营养均衡。

　　Compound feed: can be composed of corn, bran, barley, soybean flour, fish meal, etc., to ensure nutritional balance.

　　饲喂：每日饲喂3~4次，定时定量。青饲料要洗净沥水，不喂带泥土、雨水或喷洒过农药的饲料。精料要现拌现喂，防止隔夜发酸。夜间要保证有充足的草料和饮水。

　　Feeding: Feed 3-4 times a day, timed and quantified. Green feed should be washed and drained, and should not be fed with soil, rainwater, or pesticide sprayed feed. The concentrate should be mixed and fed freshly to prevent overnight sourness. Ensure sufficient grass and drinking water at night.

　　管理：定期清理笼舍和粪便，保持笼内干燥清洁。观察兔子的精神状态、食欲和粪便情况，及时发现并处理异常情况。

　　Management: Regularly clean the cage and feces to keep the cage dry and clean. Observe the mental state, appetite, and fecal condition of rabbits, and promptly detect and handle any abnormal situations.

　　四、繁殖技术

　　4、 Reproductive technology

　　配种时间：母兔67月龄，体重2.53.5千克；公兔9月龄，体重3.54.0千克时即可配种繁殖。本交公母兔比例为1:810。

　　Mating time: Female rabbit 67 months old, weighing 2.53.5 kilograms; Male rabbits can be bred and bred when they are 9 months old and weigh 3.54.0 kilograms. The ratio of male to female rabbits in this study is 1:810.

　　配种方法：长毛兔初配时常拒绝配种，可强制交配。交配后8小时可再次交配以提高受孕率。

　　Breeding method: Long haired rabbits often refuse to mate for the first time, but can be forcibly mated. Mating can be repeated 8 hours after mating to increase the fertility rate.

　　孕期管理：母兔怀孕期约30~31天，期间应提供充足的营养和安静的环境。怀孕25天后开始准备产仔箱和衔草做窝。

　　Pregnancy management: The gestation period of female rabbits is about 30-31 days, during which sufficient nutrition and a quiet environment should be provided. After 25 days of pregnancy, start preparing the litter box and making a nest with grass.

　　产仔管理：一般每胎产仔5~6只，多则8~10只。每只母兔以哺乳6~7只为宜。多余的仔兔可进行寄养或人工喂养。

　　Childbirth management: Generally, each litter gives birth to 5-6 offspring, with a maximum of 8-10 offspring. It is advisable for each female rabbit to breastfeed 6-7 rabbits. Excess baby rabbits can be fostered or artificially fed.

　　五、采毛与护理

　　5、 Hair collection and care

　　采毛时间：长毛兔出生3个月后即可采毛。

　　Hair harvesting time: Long haired rabbits can be harvested after 3 months of birth.

　　采毛方法：拔毛和剪毛两种。青年兔一般剪毛，成年兔可采用拔毛。

　　Hair harvesting methods: plucking and shearing. Young rabbits are usually sheared, while adult rabbits can be plucked.

　　采毛频率：拔毛可1月拔1次，拔长留短；剪毛一般间隔70~90天剪1次。

　　Hair collection frequency: Hair can be plucked once a month, with the longer part pulled and the shorter part left; Trimming is usually done once every 70-90 days.

　　护理：采毛后应对兔子进行护理和观察，确保其恢复良好并继续保持良好的生长状态。

　　Care: After hair collection, rabbits should be cared for and observed to ensure that they recover well and continue to maintain good growth status.

　　六、疾病防治

　　6、 Disease prevention and control

　　清洁：做好兔舍的清洁和工作，保持兔舍卫生。

　　Cleaning and Disinfection: Clean and disinfect the rabbit house to maintain its hygiene.

　　健康检查：定期对长毛兔进行健康检查，包括体温、呼吸、食欲、排泄物等方面。发现异常情况及时处理，采取相应的措施。

　　Health check: Regularly check the health of long haired rabbits, including body temperature, respiration, appetite, excrement, and other aspects. Promptly handle any abnormal situations and take corresponding treatment measures.

　　预防传染病：长毛兔易感染多种传染病，如麻疹、肺炎等。因此，要给兔子注射必要的疫苗，避免接触患病的兔子。

　　Preventing infectious diseases: Long haired rabbits are susceptible to various infectious diseases, such as measles, pneumonia, etc. Therefore, necessary vaccines should be administered to rabbits to avoid contact with diseased rabbits.

　　预防寄生虫：长毛兔易感染寄生虫，如跳蚤、蜱虫等。因此，要定期为兔子驱虫，保持兔子身体的健康。

　　Prevention of Parasites: Long haired rabbits are susceptible to parasitic infections such as fleas and ticks. Therefore, it is necessary to regularly deworm rabbits to maintain their physical health.

　　综上所述，长毛兔的养殖技术涉及良种选择、笼舍建筑、饲养管理、繁殖技术、采毛与护理以及疾病防治等多个方面。只有做好这些工作，才能确保长毛兔的健康生长和高产。

　　In summary, the breeding technology of long haired rabbits involves multiple aspects such as selection of good breeds, cage construction, feeding management, breeding techniques, wool collection and care, as well as disease prevention and control. Only by comprehensively carrying out these tasks can we ensure the healthy growth and high yield and quality of long haired rabbits.

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