从断奶到3月龄的小兔称为幼兔。实践证明,幼兔阶段是死亡率很高,较难养好的时期,这与幼兔的生理特点有关:一,幼兔处在身体生长发育的高峰期,同时又处在初次年龄性换毛期。因此,对营养物质有很迫切的需求,经常可以看到幼兔贪吃。但是,幼兔的消化系统功能还不完善,消化力差,往往因贪吃引起腹泻,一旦出现消化系统疾病,其肠壁变得通透性增大,一些大分子的有害物质也通过肠壁进入血液循环,所以幼兔得病后,表现常十分严重,死亡率很高。二,断奶后的幼兔得不到奶中一种抗微生物的乳因子,这种乳因子是由母乳中的一种基质同仔兔胃内的酶发生反应产生的。第三,断奶幼兔胃内胃酸的浓度达不到成年兔的酸度,故幼兔特别容易感染球虫病。据调查,幼兔的死亡率竟高达54.66%~82.5%,大部分幼兔死于消化系统疾病及球虫病等。所以,养好
安哥拉兔的关键是加强饲养管理,做好防病工作。
From weaning to 3 months old rabbits are called young rabbits. Practice has proved that the mortality rate of young rabbits is very high and it is difficult to raise them well. This is related to the physiological characteristics of young rabbits. First, the young rabbits are in the peak period of body growth and development, and at the same time, they are in the first age-related hair changing period. Therefore, there is a very urgent need for nutrients, often you can see the young rabbit greedy. However, the digestive system function of young rabbits is not perfect, the digestive capacity is poor, and diarrhea is often caused by overeating. Once digestive system diseases occur, the intestinal wall becomes more permeable, and some macromolecular harmful substances also enter the blood circulation through the intestinal wall. Therefore, after the young rabbits get sick, they often show very serious symptoms and high mortality. 2、 After weaning, the young rabbits can not get an anti microbial milk factor in milk, which is produced by the reaction of a matrix in breast milk with the enzymes in the stomach of young rabbits. Third, the concentration of gastric acid in weaned rabbits can't reach that of adult rabbits, so young rabbits are particularly susceptible to coccidiosis. According to the investigation, the mortality of young rabbits is as high as 54.66% ~ 82.5%, and most of them die of digestive system diseases and coccidiosis. Therefore, the key to raise Angora rabbit is to strengthen feeding management and do a good job in disease prevention.
1、断奶前后饲料、环境、管理三不变。由于刚断奶的幼兔适应环境能力很差,所以断奶后的幼兔要尽量做到断奶前的饲料、环境、管理三不变。要变化必须逐步进行,使幼兔能够适应。
1. Feed, environment and management remained unchanged before and after weaning. Because the ability of the newly weaned rabbits to adapt to the environment is very poor, the weaned rabbits should try to keep the feed, environment and management unchanged before weaning. The change must be carried out step by step so that the young rabbits can adapt.
2、分群饲养。断奶后的幼兔要按年龄与体重大小不同,实行分群饲养,一般笼养的每笼4~5只,群养的每群10只左右为宜。群养时设运动场,让兔自由出入活动,增强体质。
2. Group feeding. After weaning, the young rabbits should be raised in groups according to their age and weight. Generally, 4-5 rabbits per cage should be kept in cages, and about 10 rabbits in each group should be raised in groups. The sports ground is set up when the rabbits are raised in groups, so that the rabbits can move in and out freely and enhance their physique.
3、玉米等高能量精料要限喂。试验证明,幼兔的死亡率与饲料中大量喂给玉米等高能量饲料有关。所以减少玉米等高能量饲料的喂量,增加苜蓿等高纤维饲料的喂量,对防止幼兔肠炎有良好的作用。
3. High energy concentrate such as corn should be limited. The results showed that the mortality of young rabbits was related to the high energy diet such as corn. Therefore, reducing the amount of high energy feed such as corn and increasing the amount of high fiber feed such as alfalfa have a good effect on preventing enteritis of young rabbits.
4、保证饲料品质。含水分多的青绿饲料,特别是菜叶等要限喂,发酵酸败的饲料要禁喂。
4. Ensure feed quality. Green feed with more moisture, especially vegetable leaves, should be limited, and fermented and rancid feed should be prohibited.
5、幼兔日粮中可拌入适量牛奶、羊奶。在养兔实践中都有这样的体会,给断奶后的幼兔,特别是体弱或准备留作种用的小兔,在其日粮中拌入适量的牛奶、羊奶或奶粉效果很好,可提高成活率。其原因是使幼兔消化道更快地形成微生物群系,适应断奶后的新条件,而且奶类含有丰富的易消化吸收的蛋白质等营养物质。
5. Appropriate amount of milk and goat's milk can be mixed into the diet of young rabbits. It can be used to improve the survival rate of the rabbit, especially when it is mixed with milk powder. The reason is that it can make the alimentary tract of young rabbits form microbiota more quickly, adapt to the new conditions after weaning, and milk contains rich nutrients such as protein which is easy to digest and absorb.
6、喂法上要定时限量,少量多餐。因为安哥拉兔有贪吃的习性,所以必须定时限量,尤其是幼兔爱吃的饲料,如青绿多汁饲料等,一次不能喂得过多,以防伤食和拉稀。每天固定时间饲喂,喂量多少,要根据每次喂食后是否剩料或不足进行增减下次饲喂量。同时结合观察兔的粪便软硬,消化好坏,将喂量进行合理的调整。
6. Feeding method to time limit, a small number of multiple meals. Because Angora rabbits have the habit of eating greedily, it is necessary to limit the amount of food at a certain time, especially the favorite food for young rabbits, such as green and juicy food, so as to prevent food injury and diarrhea. Feed at a fixed time every day. The amount of feeding should be increased or decreased according to whether there is residual or insufficient feed after each feeding. At the same time, combined with the observation of the soft and hard feces and digestion of rabbits, the feeding amount was adjusted reasonably.
7、注意防止寒流等气候突变。幼兔比较娇气,对环境变化很敏感,特别是寒流等气候突变,更要做好预防工作。其他如惊吓等也要防止发生,切实把好环境关。
7. Attention should be paid to prevent abrupt climate change such as cold current. Young rabbits are delicate and sensitive to environmental changes, especially cold current and other abrupt climate changes, so prevention work should be done well. Other things such as fright should also be prevented and the environment should be well controlled.
8、做好卫生防疫工作。幼兔阶段多种传染病易发,抓好防疫关重要。做好笼圈的清洁卫生,注意,以减少疾病的发生;其次要根据季节特点做好疾病的预防,如春季预防口腔炎、肺炎及感冒,夏季尤其是雨季预防球虫病,可在饲料中添加氯苯胍、磺胺、痢特灵等防球虫病的药物。饲料中经常加入洋葱、大蒜等药用植物,对于防病促长都有好处。按时打防疫针更不可忽视,除了注射兔瘟疫苗外,还要根据实际情况注射巴氏杆菌、魏氏梭菌及波氏杆菌等疫苗,确保兔群。
8. Do a good job in sanitation and epidemic prevention. Many kinds of infectious diseases are easy to occur in young rabbits, so it is very important to do a good job in epidemic prevention. First of all, clean the cage and pay attention to disinfection, so as to reduce the occurrence of diseases; second, do a good job in disease prevention according to the seasonal characteristics, such as preventing stomatitis, pneumonia and cold in spring, and focus on coccidiosis prevention in summer, especially in the rainy season. Chlorphenformin, sulfanilamide, thiram and other coccidiosis drugs can be added to the feed. Feed often add onion, garlic and other medicinal plants, for disease prevention and growth promotion are good. Timely vaccination should not be ignored. In addition to the injection of rabbit plague vaccine, we should also inject Pasteurella, Clostridium welchii and Bordetella vaccines according to the actual situation to ensure the safety of rabbits.
Conclusion: young rabbits are difficult to raise in the process of raising rabbits. In addition to attaching great importance to it ideologically, effective measures should be taken to ensure the healthy development of Angora rabbits. If you want to know more wonderful content, please click the website: 。