（一）剪毛法

　　（1） Shearing method

　　剪毛是目前使用多的采毛方法。1、养毛期生产中一般采用的养毛期为91d或73d，剪毛次数为每年4~5次，也可根据不同季节兔毛生长速度不同，适当调整养毛期。近几年由于养殖技术的提高和毛纺技术的改进，生产上多采用60d养毛期，提高了兔毛的年产量。

　　Trimming is currently the most commonly used method of hair harvesting. 1. The commonly used hair raising period in production is 91 days or 73 days, with a shearing frequency of 4-5 times per year. The hair raising period can also be adjusted appropriately according to the different growth rates of rabbit hair in different seasons. In recent years, due to the improvement of breeding technology and wool spinning technology, a 60 day wool raising period has been adopted in production, which has increased the annual output of rabbit hair.

　　2、剪毛方法剪毛一般使用专门的剪刀，先在背部中线位置剪出一条中线分界线，将兔毛分向两侧，再按照体侧、臀部、颈部、颌下、腹部、四肢及头部的顺序依次剪毛。剪下的兔毛应按毛、脏污毛和短毛分别存放。

　　2. The shearing method usually uses specialized scissors. First, a midline boundary line is cut at the midline position of the back, dividing the rabbit hair into two sides. Then, the hair is cut in the order of the body side, buttocks, neck, submandibular, abdomen, limbs, and head. The cut rabbit hair should be stored separately according to high-quality hair, dirty hair, and short hair.

　　传统的剪毛方法是将兔子放到平地或平台上，一只手保定兔子，一只手剪毛。采用这种方法，操作人员长时间姿势单一，易疲劳且效率低，也容易伤及兔子。

　　The traditional shearing method is to place the rabbit on flat ground or platform, with one hand holding the rabbit and the other hand shearing. Using this method, the operator's posture is monotonous for a long time, which is prone to fatigue and low efficiency, and can also easily harm the rabbit.

　　可以采用吊挂式剪毛法：将一根直径6cm以上的木棍或其他结实的横杆固定在高处，高度可根据操作人员的身高进行调整；再用绳子拴住待剪毛兔子的两条前腿，另一端固定在横杆上，将兔子头朝上悬挂起来，再在兔子正下方放置一大口径袋子，剪下的兔毛可直接落入其中，并能保持毛型良好。这种方法操作简单，工作效率高，操作人员的姿势相对舒适。但怀孕母兔，尤其是怀孕后期母兔不宜采用这种方法。

　　Hanging shearing method can be used: fix a wooden stick or other sturdy crossbar with a diameter of more than 6cm at a high place, and the height can be adjusted according to the height of the operator; Then tie the two front legs of the rabbit to be sheared with a rope, fix the other end on the crossbar, hang the rabbit head up, and place a large-diameter bag directly below the rabbit. The sheared rabbit hair can fall directly into it and maintain good hair shape. This method is easy to operate, has high work efficiency, and the operator's posture is relatively comfortable. However, pregnant female rabbits, especially those in the later stages of pregnancy, should not use this method.

　　3、剪毛注意事项(1)剪毛时应将皮肤绷紧，剪子放平，贴紧皮肤剪，切忌提起兔毛剪，特别是皮肤皱褶处，以免剪破皮肤。(2)防剪二刀毛（重剪毛）。如一刀剪下后留茬过高，不可修剪，以免因短毛而影响兔毛质量。(3)剪腹部毛时要特别注意，切不可剪破母兔的乳头和公兔的阴囊，接近分娩母兔可暂不剪毛。一旦剪破皮肤，应用碘酊，以防感染。

　　3. Precautions for shearing: (1) When shearing, the skin should be tightened, the scissors should be placed flat, and the scissors should be tightly attached to the skin. Do not lift the rabbit hair scissors, especially at the folds of the skin, to avoid cutting through the skin. (2) Anti shearing two blade hair (heavy shearing). If the stubble left after a single cut is too high, it should not be trimmed to avoid affecting the quality of rabbit hair due to short hair. (3) When cutting abdominal hair, special attention should be paid to not cutting through the nipples of female rabbits and the scrotum of male rabbits. When approaching childbirth, female rabbits may temporarily not be cut. Once the skin is cut, disinfect it with iodine tincture to prevent infection.

　　(4)冬季剪毛宜选择在晴天、无风时进行，并注意剪毛后的防寒保温，以防感冒。(二)拔毛法拔毛的特点拔毛是一种重要的采毛方法。手拔毛较长，有利于提高毛比例。拔毛还可促使毛囊增粗，提高粗毛率。另外，拔毛可促进皮肤的代谢机能，促进毛囊发育，加快兔毛生长，提高产毛量。2、拔毛方法? ? ?拔毛可分为拔长留短和全部拔光两种。

　　(4) Winter shearing should be carried out on sunny and windless days, and attention should be paid to cold insulation after shearing to prevent colds. （2） The characteristics of hair plucking method: Hair plucking is an important hair harvesting method. Pulling hair by hand is longer, which is beneficial for increasing the proportion of high-quality hair. Pulling hair can also promote hair follicle thickening and increase the rate of coarse hair. In addition, hair removal can promote the metabolic function of the skin, promote hair follicle development, accelerate rabbit hair growth, and increase hair production. 2. How to pluck hair? Pulling hair can be divided into two types: pulling out the long and leaving the short, and pulling out all the hair.

　　(1)拔长留短这种方法适合在寒冷或换毛季节采用，每隔30~40d拔毛1次。拔毛时应先用梳子梳理被毛，然后用左手固定兔子，用右手拇指、食指和中指，均匀用力拔取一小撮一小撮的长毛，切忌大撮大撮地粗暴拔毛，以防撕裂皮肤。一般先拔粗毛，后拔细毛，留下短毛继续生长。

　　(1) The method of pulling out the long and leaving the short is suitable for use in cold or changing hair seasons, with hair pulled out every 30-40 days. When plucking hair, first comb the coat with a comb, then use your left hand to fix the rabbit, and use your right thumb, index finger, and middle finger to evenly pull out a small handful of long hair. Avoid rough plucking of large clumps to prevent tearing of the skin. Generally, the coarse hair is plucked first, followed by the fine hair, leaving short hair to continue growing.

　　(2)部分拔毛法先拔背部或一侧的兔毛，30d以后再拔其他部位或另外二侧。

　　(2) The partial hair removal method first removes the rabbit hair from the back or one side, and then removes the other parts or the other two sides after 30 days.

　　3、注意事项(1)幼兔皮肤嫩薄，次采毛不宜采用拔毛法，否则易损伤皮肤。

　　3. Note (1) The skin of young rabbits is tender and thin, and it is not advisable to use the plucking method for the first hair collection, otherwise it may damage the skin.

　　(2)妊娠、哺乳母兔及配种期公兔不宜采用拔毛法，否则易引起流产、泌乳量下降及影响公兔的配种效果。(3)对被毛密度较大的长毛兔不宜采用拔毛法。

　　(2) Pregnant and lactating female rabbits, as well as male rabbits during mating, should not use the hair pulling method, as it may cause miscarriage, decreased milk production, and affect the mating performance of male rabbits. (3) It is not advisable to use the hair pulling method for long haired rabbits with high hair density.

　　(三)药物脱毛利用从法国PROVAL公司引进的Lagodendron植物脱毛剂试验表明，以每千克体重18 g Lagodendron脱毛效果较好，产毛量与拔毛相当，较剪毛产毛量高，且省时省力。两次Lagodendron脱毛以后，粗毛率提高，提粗效果较拔毛明显。使用这种药物时，有少数个体出现口腔流涎和粪便干燥的现象。使用成本较高。

　　（3） The use of Lagodendron plant hair removal agent imported from PROVAL company in France has shown that using 18 g Lagodendron per kilogram of body weight has better hair removal effect, with hair production comparable to plucking, higher than shearing, and time-saving and labor-saving. After two sessions of Lagodendron hair removal, the coarse hair rate increased and the thickening effect was more significant than that of hair removal. When using this medication, a small number of individuals may experience oral drooling and dry stool. The usage cost is relatively high.

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