饲料种类及搭配

Types and combinations of feed

青饲料：青饲料富含维生素、矿物质和膳食纤维，是蒙阴长毛兔不可或缺的食物来源。常见的青饲料有苜蓿、黑麦草、三叶草、红薯秧、花生藤、各种蔬菜叶（如白菜叶、胡萝卜叶）等。在夏季和秋季，青饲料资源丰富，可让兔子自由采食新鲜的青饲料，但要注意避免投喂被农药污染或发霉变质的草料，以防兔子中毒或生病。例如，清晨露水未干时收割的草料，需晾晒一段时间，待表面水分稍干后再投喂，防止兔子因采食过多水分而引起腹泻 。

Green feed: Green feed is rich in vitamins, minerals, and dietary fiber, and is an indispensable source of food for Mongolian long haired rabbits. Common green feed includes alfalfa, ryegrass, clover, sweet potato seedlings, peanut vines, various vegetable leaves (such as cabbage leaves, carrot leaves), etc. In summer and autumn, green feed resources are abundant, allowing rabbits to freely feed on fresh green feed. However, attention should be paid to avoiding feeding grass contaminated with pesticides or moldy and spoiled to prevent rabbits from being poisoned or sick. For example, the grass harvested in the early morning before the dew dries needs to be dried for a period of time, and then fed after the surface moisture is slightly dry to prevent rabbits from diarrhea caused by excessive water intake.

粗饲料：粗饲料主要包括农作物秸秆（如玉米秸、豆秸）、干草等，能为兔子提供一定的能量和膳食纤维，有助于维持兔子正常的消化功能。粗饲料应在冬季和春季等青饲料匮乏时作为主要饲料补充。但粗饲料的营养价值相对较低，在投喂时需注意适当加工处理，如将秸秆粉碎或铡短，便于兔子采食和消化。同时，要保证粗饲料的质量，避免使用发霉、变质或被雨水淋湿的粗饲料 。

Coarse feed: Coarse feed mainly includes crop straw (such as corn straw, soybean straw), hay, etc., which can provide rabbits with certain energy and dietary fiber, helping to maintain their normal digestive function. Coarse feed should be used as the main feed supplement during winter and spring when green feed is scarce. However, the nutritional value of roughage is relatively low. When feeding, attention should be paid to appropriate processing, such as crushing or cutting the straw short, to facilitate rabbit feeding and digestion. At the same time, it is necessary to ensure the quality of roughage and avoid using moldy, spoiled, or rainwater soaked roughage.

精饲料：精饲料营养丰富、能量高，可满足兔子生长、繁殖和产毛对营养的需求。精饲料的主要成分包括玉米、豆粕、麸皮、米糠等，还可添加适量的矿物质、维生素和氨基酸预混剂，以保证饲料营养均衡。例如，可参考以下精饲料配方：玉米 15%、豆粕 20%、麸皮 30%、米糠 25%、预混剂（含矿物质、维生素、氨基酸等）10% 。但精饲料的投喂量要严格控制，过量投喂可能导致兔子肥胖、消化不良等问题。一般来说，成年兔每天的精饲料投喂量在 100 - 150 克左右，可根据兔子的生长阶段、体重、产毛量等情况进行适当调整 。

Concentrated feed: Concentrated feed is rich in nutrients and high in energy, which can meet the nutritional needs of rabbits for growth, reproduction, and wool production. The main components of refined feed include corn, soybean meal, bran, rice bran, etc., and appropriate amounts of minerals, vitamins, and amino acid premix can also be added to ensure comprehensive and balanced nutrition of the feed. For example, the following feed formula can be used as a reference: 15% corn, 20% soybean meal, 30% bran, 25% rice bran, and 10% premix (containing minerals, vitamins, amino acids, etc.). However, the feeding amount of concentrated feed should be strictly controlled, as excessive feeding may lead to problems such as obesity and indigestion in rabbits. Generally speaking, the daily feeding amount of concentrated feed for adult rabbits is around 100-150 grams, which can be adjusted appropriately according to the rabbit's growth stage, weight, hair production, and other conditions.

特殊饲料添加：为促进蒙阴长毛兔的毛发生长，可在饲料中添加一些特殊成分。比如，添加含硫氨基酸（如蛋氨酸、胱氨酸），因为兔毛的主要成分是角蛋白，富含硫元素，补充含硫氨基酸能满足兔毛生长对硫的需求，提高兔毛产量和质量。此外，添喂硫酸锌也有促兔多产毛的效果，同时，硫酸锌中的微量元素锌还能参与兔子体内生长素的合成，促进兔子生长发育。另外，在条件许可的情况下，在饲料中添加少量食糖、蚯蚓粉、植物油等，可增加饲料的适口性，提高兔子的采食量 。

Special feed additives: To promote hair growth in Mongolian long haired rabbits, some special ingredients can be added to the feed. For example, adding sulfur-containing amino acids (such as methionine and cysteine), because the main component of rabbit hair is keratin, which is rich in sulfur elements, supplementing sulfur-containing amino acids can meet the sulfur needs of rabbit hair growth, improve rabbit hair yield and quality. In addition, adding zinc sulfate can also promote the production of more hair in rabbits. At the same time, the trace element zinc in zinc sulfate can also participate in the synthesis of auxin in rabbits, promoting their growth and development. In addition, if conditions permit, adding a small amount of sugar, earthworm powder, vegetable oil, etc. to the feed can increase its palatability and increase the feed intake of rabbits.

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